Saturday, April 18, 2020
Introduction of Lenovo and Its Strategy free essay sample
On this hand,lenovo company does very good. From the cargo to the assembly production,from the product-sells to the post-sale service, the company diligently saves the product consumption and enhances the production efficiency. Thus realized the cost large scale reduced. In sales aspect, The company provides many kinds of purchases and the marketing channels. The customer can directly get the product through the on-linepurchase and the store purchase way. Support activities: Procurement; Technology Development; Human Resource Management; Firm Infrastructure. On this hand,lenovo campany has very big superiority. The company has the formidable technical strength, especially in product research and development, and technical personnels. This superiority has guaranteed the companyââ¬â¢s leading status in the market. Customers of the new Lenovo will benefit from the union of PCDs and Lenovos extraordinary RD capabilities. Lenovos global research and development centers in China, Japan and the US have produced some of the worlds most important advances in PC technology. We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction of Lenovo and Its Strategy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The company is rich in talent, with eams who have won hundreds of technology and design awards ââ¬â including more than 2,000 patents ââ¬â and introduced many industry firsts. And many more are on the way. The goal of Lenovos RD team is ultimately to improve the overall experience of PC ownership while driving down total cost of ownership. In turn, this commitment distinguishes Lenovo from its competitors and attracts PC customers who demand the increased productivity that real innovation provides. Lenovo and its employees are committed to four company values that are the foundation for all that they do: 1. Customer service: We are dedicated to the satisfaction and success of every customer. 2. Innovative and entrepreneurial spirit: Innovation that matters to our customers, and our company, created and delivered with speed and efficiency. 3. Accuracy and truth-seeking: We manage our business and make decisions based on carefully understood facts. 4. Trustworthiness and integrity: Trust and personal responsibility in all relationships. Core competency Core copentency is the performance of all business units can improve to some extend as these business units develop, or create,a central core of competencies. After conformity with the PC department of IBM, the brand, the scale, theefficiency will become the new Lenovo the core competitive ability. In brand aspect, Continues to maintain IBM and the Lenovo brand inherent high endis vivid and the high premium brand localization and the connotation,will cause the new Lennovo to obtain the higher profit level. In scale aspect, Fully use the Lenovo and IBM in the customer group, theproduct , the new Lenovo will take Asian emerging market and so on the China, India, will take thenotebook computer the growth, and as soon as ossible the Lenovo very strong expense, mid- and small-scale enterprise the product and the service pattern will pass IBM the service platform belt to the whole world. In efficiency aspect, The Lenovo at present has in the global first ten big PC merchantthe lowest core business running cost rate 6. 9%, it future fully display the highly effective operation platform superiority whichalready established in China, in the purcha se, supplied aspect and soon chain, research and development and service, for newly associated global the provision of service support, thus obtained the field first-class operation efficiency in the whole.
Saturday, March 14, 2020
Balance sheet ratios Essays
Balance sheet ratios Essays Balance sheet ratios Essay Balance sheet ratios Essay The balance sheet is only a snapshot of the business at a particular moment in time. Therefore, any ratios based on balance sheet figures like the liquidity ratios may not be representative of the financial position of the business for the whole year. For example, the stocks and debtors may be low at the balance sheet date, and the liquidity ratios may also be low as a result. Benchmarking practice is a mean to promote continuous improvement in organisational performance. Also, it has stressed the importance of initiating a benchmarking project only after going through a detailed analysis of competitive dimensions and business processes most in need of improvement. In doing that the benchmarking team not only guarantees that the project will be aligned with strategic objectives and needs, it also provides a basis for learning what a companys weakness and strengths are. According to Carpinetti and Melo (2002) that the fist step is to gather information on product characteristics, target customer and markets, competitive priorities, manufacturing and financial strategies and general areas for improvements. This will help to understand what dimensions and activities are most crucial to competitiveness. This step will need to gather information on customer expectations and perceived quality for different categories of customers or products and rank relative importance of requisites for most important customers. Also, gather information on performance against competitors in attending customer expectations. This helps to identify dimensions most in need of improvement. Then, map all the processes and activities belonging to or supporting the value adding chain and understand their relationship with the dimensions most in need of improvement. This process helped by constructing a matrix relating processes to dimensions and focus on the attention on the processes and activities that most impact performance on prioritised competitive dimensions. It this step, conduct a qualitative or quantitative assessment of performance of the critical processes and activities is necessary in order to diagnosis the current situation to realising what areas or activities are the weak points and need to be addressed. Quantitative information can reveal areas and dimensions in need of improvement. After performing the analysis proposed in steps 1 to 5, the dimensions and activities most in need of improvements become evident. From this point onwards, the benchmarking project itself can start for those subjects for which a benchmarking application is considered to be adequate. To become a World Class Company, management need to benchmark other world class companys performance to improve current performance for greater achievement in business. But, first, companies need to understand which company to benchmark and what is worth to benchmark, so that when benchmarked can lead own company to become excellent in performances. From there, we can set on new strategies to achieve better performance and win over our competitors. Therefore, a proper selection of the companies to benchmark must include the competitors as well. In juxtaposition, all methods used in this report are useful in many ways in finance decision making. The methods will be used to analyse financial statements and collect as much information as possible to make right decision in the business.
Thursday, February 27, 2020
Macy's Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words
Macy's - Term Paper Example Macyââ¬â¢s over the years has had a long and eventful history to get where it is today. Macyââ¬â¢s was the first retailer to promote a woman to an executive position, making business history. Furthermore, Macyââ¬â¢s, also, pioneered business practices like the one-price system, one price for an item to sell to everyone, and advertising prices for goods in newspapers. Furthermore, the also were the first store to sell tea bags, the Idaho baked potato, and colored bath towels, even the first store to hold a New York liquor license. By 1918, Macyââ¬â¢s was starting to average $36 million in annual sales. And the immigrant employees, in 1924, to celebrate their new American Heritage, organized the first Christmas Parade which featured floats, bands, animals from the zoo and 10,000 onlookers. This became the Annual Macyââ¬â¢s Thanksgiving Day Parade. Macyââ¬â¢s has grown over the years by acquiring other stores and renaming them Macyââ¬â¢s as a way to expand their bra nd. Federated Department Stores (now known as Macyââ¬â¢s Inc.) bought R.H. Macy & Co. in 1994, and then renamed all their regional nameplates to Macyââ¬â¢s and in 2006, Macyââ¬â¢s acquired The May Department Store Company and converted all their regional nameplates to Macyââ¬â¢s. These acquisitions, eventually, led Macyââ¬â¢s to grow to over 800 stores covering virtually every major geographic market in the United States, plus they also have their internet sales through macys.com. Control of Economic Indicator The economic indicators are controlled by various governmental agencies, such as the Census Bureau, the Bureau of Economic Analysis, and the Bureau of Labor. Most economists and investors pour over the compilation reports from these agencies, like tea leaves, (Steiner, 2009) for any signs of economic improvement. They are looking for trends that will likely increase consumer spending, especially, since nearly 70% of the GDP of the United States is tied up in con sumer spending. There are five main economic indicators that are being looked at to determine if the economy is going to get back on its feet. These five indicators are consumer-related indicators which include: employment, retail sales, personal income and outlays, consumer price index, and new home sales. These five indicators detail consumer spending, sales by retailers, details the amount of inflation or deflation (consumer price index), new residential sales to the public, and the unemployment rate (the higher the unemployment rate, the less likely people are to buy consumer based products, unless they are necessities). The reports are written by the government agencies that compile them, such as the employment situation is written by the Bureau of Labor and has pages upon pages of data showing the amount of employees added to and subtracted from the workforce. Economic Indicator Collection The economic indicators are calculated, after a thorough collection of the appropriate s tatistical data needed to perform the calculation. For example, the Bureau of Labor receives a report from all employers each month which indicates how many employees that was added to an employerââ¬â¢s payroll as well as how employees were removed from the payroll. Then, to get the unemployment rate, the number of unemployed people is divided by the number of employable people. This gives us the percentage of how many people are unemployed currently. But, this unemployment rate can further be broken down into the various industries to see which industries have a higher unemployment rate than
Tuesday, February 11, 2020
Business scenario Analysis 06012 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Business scenario Analysis 06012 - Essay Example The restaurant was facing lots of problems in the different parts of business. Therefore, this report has produced a set of recommendations for improving the deteriorating condition of the restaurant. The success of the restaurant industry is widely dependent on the different factors. The role of food and service quality, environment of the restaurant, and the price fairness perception has a positive impact on the customer satisfaction and trust. Factors identified in different research provide comprehensive review of the factors that are not doing well in Fabrizioââ¬â¢s restaurant; hence, resulting in declining profits. Therefore, the recommended actions needed to be performed for solving the first problem in hand. The first problem they were facing was related to the menu they serve to their customers. The menu is been the same since the time it starts operations at first place. This menu includes famous English breakfast and some Italian cuisines. This menu was very popular for the tourists in past as well as locals. However, visitors have changed their preferences and going to other restaurants. Especially, those offering other countryââ¬â¢s cuisine or traditional Italian food. At first place, Fabrizioââ¬â¢s must initiate the process of including some international cuisines in the menu of their restaurant. The role of food innovation for winning customers and ensuring edge that is not imitable is one of the important ways. As with the change in time, the tastes of the tourists start to change. The tourists are demanding more traditional Italian and international cuisines to be added to the menu of the restaurant along with the previous menu items. Therefore, change in the offered tastes and preferences are important. The innovation can be seasonal such as season in which tourist from certain country are higher in number than innovation shall follow the taste preferences of that country. Also, traditional Italian shall
Friday, January 31, 2020
The US and Thailand Free
The US and Thailand Free Essay The US and Thailand Free commenced negotiations in respect of a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) on June 28, 2004. Approximately six rounds of talks between the two countries have been conducted pursuant to the FTA negotiations as of 2006. US Chamber of Commerce: Trade Policy) The overall intent is to liberalize ââ¬Å"trade in goods, agriculture, and investmentâ⬠and harmonization of intellectual property rights (Ahearn and Morrison, 2004) Ever since the founding of the World Trade Organization (WTO and its General Agreement on Trade and Services (GATT) developed nation member states, such as the US have adhered to the WTOââ¬â¢s policy to help developing and less developed member states such as Thailand improve their economic growth by entering into bilateral trade agreements with them. (Fbiosa et ales, 2005) Thailand has over the years demonstrated a keener willingness to open its markets to liberalized trade than many of the other Asian nations. This particularly so in the area of agriculture. Relations between Thailand and the US commenced as early as 1833 with the Trade and Amity and Commerce Agreement. (US Chamber of Commerce: Trade Policy) By 1966 the Treaty of Amity and Economic Relations was successfully negotiated between the two countries with each country granting the other equal trade treatment. (US Chamber of Commerce: Trade Policy) The 1966 Treaty came to an end in 2004, although extended by mutual agreement to December 2006, the FTA is intended to take its place. (US Chamber of Commerce: Trade Policy) Aside from the economic benefits to both countries, the US hoped to strengthen US-Thailand relations for the purpose of combating terrorism. This fact together with cultural differences, a political crisis in 2006, health concerns and Thailandââ¬â¢s relationship with other Asian nations have proven problematic for both countries in reaching a mutual agreement. (US Chamber of Commerce: Trade Policy) This paper examines the US-Thailand FTA Agreement, its history and its future track with reference to the difficulties that impede bringing the negotiations to a final conclusion. History and Background Thailand has long since been regarded as an ally of the US, a position that was only fortified during the Cold War period and strengthened even further following the terror attacks on the US on September 11, 2001. (Chanlett-Avery, 2006) The relationship between the US and Thailand has always been characterized by mutual trade and economic interests. (Chanlett-Avery, 2006) Following the 2001 terrorist attacks in the US the relationship took on a new dimension when it became obvious that Thailand shared, at least in part the US desire to fight terrorism in the Southeast Asian region. (Chanlett-Avery, 2006) These facts and circumstances together with Thailandââ¬â¢s strong economic and political ties to China puts Thailand in a position to have some influence in the Far East. (Chanlett-Avery, 2006) Recognizing the strategic economic and political position of Thailand in the Asia-Pacific area and its close ties with the US, President George Bush ââ¬Å"designatedâ⬠Thailand ââ¬Å"as a major non-NATO ally in 2003. â⬠(Chanlett-Avery, 2006) This designation is partly due to Thailandââ¬â¢s history of support to the US during the Cold War and partly due to its position with respect to the US counter terrorism initiatives. (Chanlett-Avery, 2006) Aside from sending troops to aide the US in its wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, Thailand authorities arrested a ââ¬Å"high-profileâ⬠Islamic rebel in a ââ¬Å"joint Thai-US operationâ⬠in 2003. (Chanlett-Avery, 2006) Co-existing with these diplomatic and amicable relations was the Treaty of Amity and Economic Relations between the US and Thailand which was signed in Bangkok on May 29th 1966. (US-Thai Treaty of Amity, 1966) The 1966 Treaty permits US citizens and companies incorporated in Thailand or in the US to hold all the shares in a business situated in Thailand and to conduct business in Thailand in the same manner as Thai citizens. There were certain restrictions on American investments including land holding, fiduciary services, communications, transportation, domestic agricultural trade and damaging natural resources. (US-Thai Treaty of Amity, 1966) The Treaty also provided favourable treatment to Thai businessmen upon application for entry visas into the US for business purposes. Moreover, there were no restrictions on repatriating funds to Thai by Thai business concerns in the US. (US-Thai Treaty of Amity, 1966) The Treaty of Amity and Economic Relations should have expired in September 2006 but was extended to a further period of 90 days bringing it to an end in December of 2006 instead. (US Chamber of Commerce: Trade Policy) In anticipation of the expiration of the Treaty of Amity and Economic Relations and the economic success of trade relations between the US and Thai, President Bush and Thai Prime Minister Thaskin announced on 19 October, 2003 plans to negotiate a bilateral trade agreement between the two countries. (Ahearn et ales, 2004) In March 2004, both countries announced that negotiations would commence in June of 2004. (Ahearn et ales, 2004) The first two rounds of negotiations took place in Thailand in 2004 with a third round taking place there in 2005. (Ahearn and Morrison, 2006) Fourth and Fifth rounds of negotiations were conducted in Montano on September 26-30, 2005 in Hawaii and earlier in the year at Montana on July 15. (Ahearn and Morrison, 2006) A sixth round was conducted in Thailand which ended all talks as a result of political unrests in Thailand. (Ahearn and Morrison, 2006) While some progress was made at the fifth round of talks in Hawaii, the remaining talks were for the most part unsuccessful. Essentially what was agreed to at the fifth round of talks was the removal of barriers to trade with the emphasis on tariffs with respect to goods crossing US borders to Thailand and vice versa. (Thailandââ¬â¢s Legal News Update, October, 2005) Both the United States and Thailand also agreed that Internet Service Providers should be included in all talks relative to intellectual property rights protection. (Thailandââ¬â¢s Legal News Update, October, 2005) Further agreement was made by the US to permit Thailand patent protection with respect to its rice and silk products. (Allison, 2006) The details of these agreements are discussed in much greater detail later on. The World Trade Review reported that the fourth round of negotiations held in Montana did not yield particulars of any specific agreements. However, the talks went well enough to ensure that both parties were likely to come to an arrangement at the fifth round of talks in Hawaii, (World Trade Review, 2005) which as previously noted did yield a consensus on tariffs and patent protection on rice and silk. In Montana, both US and Thai negotiating teams met with business representatives of Montana and were equally impressed with the importance of agricultural trade in the US. The negotiators also met with business officials within the telecommunications, financial, automobile, energy and additional service factions of the community. (World Trade Review, 2005) The World Trade Review believes that the results of this meeting and round of talks helped to pave the way for some agreement in the next round of talks. (World Trade Review, 2005) Be that as it may, relations between the US and Thailand were not without some difficulties. James A. Kelly, Assistant Secretary of State for East Asia and Pacific Affairs touched on a number of issues that were problematic for the US in his address to the Asia Foundation in Washington, D. C. on March 13, 2002. Noting that both countries shared a mutual interest in the concepts and benefits of security, liberty democracy and maintaining free and open trade markets Kelly also noted that there was a growing perception in Thailand that the US was either acting in bad faith or trying to take advantage of Thailand. (Kelly, 2002) Other problems were highlighted at the Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) The Bilateral Conference took place in Washington D. C. on March 11-13 under the auspices of 10 senior Thai government officials who met with American trade and government officials for the express purpose of debating the important isses within the context of a bilateral trade agreement. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) There was evidence of a strain in US-Thai relations following the US war with Vietnam from a Thai perspective. Many Thais felt that the US had neglected Thailand and felt even more disenchanted with the US following the Asian financial crisis of 1997 especially with respect tot he USââ¬â¢s the unduly strenuous conditions placed by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) with respect to Thailandââ¬â¢s aid relief. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) By the end of the 90s both political and economic relations between the two countries was quite often tense. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) The waning relationship was complicated by a failure on the USââ¬â¢s part to offer a viable loans system by way of financial relief via the IMF. Further complications arose out of the USââ¬â¢s failure to back-up the Thai Minister of Commerce and the Thai Deputy Prime Ministerââ¬â¢s nominations to hold the post of World Trade Organization Secretary General in 1999. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) From the USââ¬â¢s perspective the Thai support of the US at the United Nations was weak if at all. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) Moreover, Thailand was reluctant to support the US position with respect to its EP-3 reconnaissance plane episode which involved China. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) The US also had concerns about Thailandââ¬â¢s position with respect to censorship in the media. Although following the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in the US Thailand once again closed the gap between US and Thailand with its support. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) In the global context, Thailandââ¬â¢s difficulty arises out of a desire to balance its relationship with China with that of the US. The problem for the US is in diminishing Chinaââ¬â¢s stronghold on the Asian region and Thailand found itself having to balance its priorities with respect to negotiating its relationships with both China and the United States. The difficulty for Thailand was maintaining some sort of neutrality in its relationships with both super powers. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) Thailandââ¬â¢s political and economical policies reflect a desire to regularize relations within its immediate region. Of particular interest to Thailand is the strengthening of its commercial ties to regions close to its borders. Its relationship with Burma which is characterized by a trend toward conciliatory approaches is largely problematic for the US. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) The US would prefer it if Thailand took an isolationist approach to Burma. The problem was summarized at the Bilateral Conference. Thailand maintained what it referred to as a ââ¬Å"constructive interactionâ⬠with its neighbour Burma and this caused some tension with the United States who would have preferred that Thailand adapted an isolationist stance with Burma. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) The US was also suspicious that the Thai government was lending support to regions like Malaysia and Indonesia which the US regarded as unstable and supportive of terrorist factions. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) The US felt that the anti-American sentiments in Indonesia and Malaysia were at risk of spilling over into Thailand. Notably Thailand Prime Minister Thaksin had been elected into office after running an ââ¬Å"anti-American platformâ⬠and there was a concern that Thailand was faltering in its support of the United States on its anti-terrorism policies. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002) Be that as it may, the US and Thailand had similar economic and political goals. The best approach was therefore thought to be a bilateral trade agreement. (Bilateral Conference on United States-Thailand Relations in the 21st Century, 2002)
Wednesday, January 22, 2020
Essay --
The One and Only The game of basketball has always been changing. Players go in and out of the NBA every season, adding their own style and achievements. However, no one has ever had greater accomplishments than Michael Jordan. He was destined to be an all-star his whole life and performed that way throughout his career despite many hardships. Michael Jordan is one of the greatest basketball players of all time. Michael Jeffrey Jordan was born in Brooklyn, New York, on February 17, 1963. He has two brothers, James Jr. and Larry, and two sisters, Deloris and Roslyn. He moved with his siblings and parents, James Sr. and Deloris, to Wilmington, North Carolina before he was one year old. He always loved to play sports as a boy. Although he played football and basketball as well, Jordanââ¬â¢s passion as a child was baseball. As a little league pitcher, he threw several no-hitters and led his team to as close as one game away from the Little League World Series. He was eventually named ââ¬Å"Mr. Baseballâ⬠in his age group in 1975 by the Dixie Youth Baseball Association. Jordanââ¬â¢s talents continued to flourish as he transitioned into Laney High School in Wilmington. For one stretch, he had a 42-inning scoreless streak, a school record. Despite his outstanding achievements in baseball, he became extremely driven to excel as a basketball player. This was due to his older brother, Larr y, who beat him in a game. It seemed like a very simple reason, but itââ¬â¢s all he needed to become the best he could be. As a 5ââ¬â¢ 9ââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢ sophomore at Laney High, Jordan tried out for the varsity basketball team. However, he was not good enough to make the team and was passed over for another sophomore, 6ââ¬â¢ 8ââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢ Leroy Smith. Jordan was heartbroken and quoted: "It was embarrass... ...sted a year and a half. He took a short break in 2004 when he lent his name to a motorcycle racing team in order to create Michael Jordan Motorsports. However, he returned to the NBA in 2006 when he became part-owner of the Charlotte Bobcats. In March of 2010, he bought the team from majority owner Robert Johnson which gave him full ownership. He is still the owner to this day. It may be opinion, but Michael Jordan is considered the best player to ever play basketball. His career stats and six NBA championships put him much farther ahead in the record books than anyone else. He is a true inspiration to every basketball player across the globe and is an icon in the fashion and sports worlds. The entire game of basketball was revolutionized during his career as well. Michael Jordanââ¬â¢s stats and achievements prove he is one of the greatest players in basketball history.
Tuesday, January 14, 2020
Sky High
Good morning teacher and fellow students. The idea that we continue on as we are: unchanged, unchanging is unbelievably illogical. In a time and world where things are constantly changing, it is impossible to be in existence without being affected by the process of change. Changes are inevitable, and they are happening everywhere around us. In our stimulus booklet, it is evident that changes are a major part in everyoneââ¬â¢s lives, this is best portrayed in the story ââ¬Å"Sky Highâ⬠. This story is filled with strong imagery, based on the clothesline in the authorââ¬â¢s childhood memories. The author mesmerize her childhood memories of the clothesline, and how she used to pretend what it is, how the clothes are like signal flags and also how much fun she used to have with it. As the author matures in her perspective, her views about the past starts to change and she no longer sees the clothes line through a childââ¬â¢s naive, imaginative view, but now sees it as a memory, and just a tool which she her self uses. The author is able to perceive the two different perspectives and compare them. As we can now see, change is a part of growing up, of maturing and going forward, just like Hannah Robert, the author of ââ¬Å"Sky Highâ⬠. The prescribed text Iââ¬â¢m here to present you with is ââ¬Å"The Great Gatsbyâ⬠. Nick Caraway the narrator in the story is the one who we are focusing on the change which he goes through. Nick in the beginning wants to chase after the ââ¬Å"great American dreamâ⬠like everyone else. He then realizes, how low the people were in achieving that goal, this could be seen when Jordan was cheating while playing golf. He also saw the carelessness these people have in doing things. They are only skin deep in who they are, like the main person described in the story, Gatsby, who is only known for his money and by his name, but not by who he really is. At the end, Nick realizes all this and changes his views on the Great American Dream, and realizes that it is only an expression of materialism. This took him a step further in life, as he changed his views, and helped him grow as a person. The last text I want to present to you with is ââ¬Å"Looking for Alibrandiâ⬠. We noticed a number of changes that occurred in the story, which affected the lives of the Alibrandis within the 3 generations. We see a strong bond between Josie and Christina in the story because she was raised by a single parent. Josie was greatly influenced by her mother for decision-making and had a biased opinion about her father. But soon after she had personal contact with him, she comes to realization that he wasnââ¬â¢t so bad after all. The relationship between the 3 generations was also a disaster. Josie was often irritated by her grandmother, Katia at the beginning of the story but as she journeys through and discovers the real Nonna with the great sacrifices she made for them, Josie learnt to respect her and at the same time changed her perspective about her. As we can all see, changes are inevitable and unavoidable, they are constantly taking place in our lives no matter whether they have a good or bad impact upon us and there is no denying in its existence. Changes can be seen with our own eyes, as it occurs, we change physically all the time with our appearances, the way we look, the way we dress, and to keep up to date with the fashion and change with the crowd that is ever evolving so we are not a left over. We can change mentally, as we go through life, because of all the emotions that are constantly rushing through us, which also effects and changes our mood as well as our way of socializing with other people. If we say that we will continue on as we are, unchanged and unchanging, it is also like saying that we are frozen in a space of time and everything else around it, because changes comes with time, and if there is no change, then time would no longer exist.
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